Keywords+and+Synonyms+A

=__﻿ __= =__EXPLANATION OF THE TECHNIQUE __=


 * **KEY WORDS**: most essential words that can be used in a researc
 * **SYNONYMS**: different words with very similar meaning; to find synonyms, you can use //[|thesaurus]//
 * **STOP WORDS**: words that are normally excluded by computer search engines or when compiling a concordance

=__**EXAMPLES OF HOW TO USE THE TECHNIQUE **__=

Instead of searching: What is Apple's new product?, you can simplify it to: Apple's new product. This will bring more accurate and useful information.
 * **KEYWORDS**






 * **SYNONYMS:** use //[|thesaurus]// to find synonyms

 From the //thesaurus,// we can find that one of the synonys of cell phone is cellular phone. Searching "cell phones" and "cellular phones" bring similar but more amount of useful information.

=__﻿HOW TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF YOUR SEARCH PROCESS __=


 * **KEY WORDS**: keyword search is the most basic search technique. It requires a good understanding understanding the important keywords from the research assignment Common sense should be used through this process, though to smoothen and get more specific results, Boolean search skill is used. This include words such as “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT”, using these specific words will be more sufficient and time saving knowing that with only few keywords there will be hundreds of search results, and filtering from these results are important.


 * **SYNONYMS**: help us get a variety of results if not satisfied with the results of the first keyword. It can also link to looking at certain topic at deeper view. For example searching exercise in any synonym search engine would give us information about training, work out, keep fit. From this we can Google and get deeper information about what individual wants.

=__﻿HOW TO USE THE TECHNIQUE IN: __=

=1. EBSCO =

Searching for Singular, Plural, and Possessive Words

 * When a singular word is searched, the plural and possessive forms of that word will also be searched. However, if the word is enclosed in quotation marks, plural and possessive forms will not be searched.

ex) Phrase alley cat without quotation marks could also search for all of the following: alley cat, alley cat’s, alley cats, alley's cat, alley’s cat’s, alley’s cats, alleys cat, alleys cat's, alleys cats


 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When a plural is searched, the search engine does not automatically search for the singular version of the term. If the plural is spelled differently, (e.g. child, children), a search is not expanded unless the "Apply additional terms to query" expander is checked. EBSCOhost may also return results with regional spellings (e.g., color, colour), acronyms (e.g., TV, T.V.) as well as a limited number of synonyms.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Using Stop Words

 * =====<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Stop words are always ignored, even if they are enclosed in quotation marks =====

ex) If you entered company of America, EBSCOhost woud find: company of America, company in America, or company for America. It would not find company of the America, because the search engine retains a word distance.


 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ignoring stop words allows EBSCOhost to retrieve a more precise Result List, especially for a natural language (relevancy ranked) search.


 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">If you enter two stop words, EBSCOhost will find any two words in the place of the stop words.

ex) If you searched for company of the America, EBSCOhost finds any two words in the place of the stop words.

=<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2. UNITED STREAMING =

<span style="display: block; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Above, an image showing where to search in United streaming. The 'More Options' do help narrow the result you want to get. <span style="display: block; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Above, and image showing that the searching of the United Streaming can then narrow results again to what the user wants.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">KEYWORD SEARCHING: lets you choose the services and media form of the video that you are searching for; can sort the information from searches by best matches, recently added and most popular


 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ADVANCED SEARCHING: more advanced version of the keyword searching; provides information about how to use Boolean searching and quotation usage

<span style="display: block; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> Above, an image of an advanced search in United Streaming and the Advanced Search categories

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Examples (may also be used with Boolean search query; see below) <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· AND: civilization AND China <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· NOT: revolution NOT industrial <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· OR: deaf OR "hearing loss" <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· Quotation marks: "black holes" <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· Combination: German AND military NOT Japan <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Use the drop-down boxes to select a sub discipline, unit, topic, concept, publisher, or copyright. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Use the checkboxes for results that will include or exclude closed-captioned, editable, classic, or Spanish titles. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Select your results in ascending or descending order by relevance, copyright, or title. =<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3. JSTOR =

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Grouping Combined Search Terms
<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Parentheses allow you to determine the order in which terms are combined. The search: "currency reform" AND (russia OR "soviet union") will search for items that contain the phrase currency reform and that contain either russia or soviet union. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Without grouping parentheses, the search is interpreted as "currency reform" AND russia OR "soviet union", which returns items containing either both currency reform and russia or containing soviet union. By using parentheses, you can control the grouping of search terms. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Additional Examples:
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(finch OR sparrow) AND exotic will search for items that contain the word exotic and either the word finch or the word sparrow
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(birds OR butterflies) NOT sparrow will search for items that contain either the word birds or butterflies and do not contain the word sparrow
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">birds NOT (sparrow robin) will search for items that contain the word birds but do not contain both the words sparrow and robin (remember, a space between terms defaults to an AND operator)
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">birds NOT (sparrow OR robin) will search for items that contain the word birds but do not contain either of the words sparrow or the word robin

=<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">4. GOOGLE =

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Definitions from Google:
<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">PageRank also considers the importance of each page that casts a vote, as votes from some pages are considered to have greater value, thus giving the linked page greater value. We have always taken a pragmatic approach to help improve search quality and create useful products, and our technology uses the collective intelligence of the web to determine a page's importance.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">PageRank Technology: PageRank reflects our view of the importance of web pages by considering more than 500 million variables and 2 billion terms. Pages that we believe are important pages receive a higher PageRank and are more likely to appear at the top of the search results.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The "perfect search engine," defined by co-founder Larry Page (Google). Google uses its own technology of the PageRank™ algorithm and Hypertext-Matching Analysis. Therefore aside from the Boolean concept Google searches for pages based on their Pagerank & Hypertext-Matching of the words used in the search session.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Hypertext-Matching Analysis: Our search engine also analyzes page content. However, instead of simply scanning for page-based text (which can be manipulated by site publishers through meta-tags), our technology analyzes the full content of a page and factors in fonts, subdivisions and the precise location of each word. We also analyze the content of neighboring web pages to ensure the results returned are the most relevant to a user's query.

=<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">5. World Book Online = <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The main features of World Book Advanced are Search, Advance Search, and Images. By entering keyword such as “India” it will get you the result for that contains the word “Indian”, “Indians” both. As seen from this basic search gives you results for plural and different tense what it is entered.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">If a word entered is misspelled, the spelling correction feature will spot the misspelled word, and the search engine would choose the correct spelling, and automatically commit a search on the correct term. An example of this, Your search using "Kastle" returned 0 results. The search term has been replaced with "Castle". Other SpellingsSelect "Other spellings," or enter a new search term in the box above.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Clicking on "Other spellings" will provide alternative spellings. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Try Advanced Search if you receive no results with Search.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(taken from Help- World Book Advanced)

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Advanced Search** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Advanced Search feature, located under the main search box, this allows to search specific key terms in the specific type of article of media wanted. The four main searches usable in World Book Advanced are “Search for Words or a Phrase”, “Quick Search”, “Boolean Search” and “Browse Options”.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· Search for phrase option only searches for the specific terms given for example, if searched “Indian” only articles that contain the word “Indian” will appear.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· Search for all of these words gives search results for all group of word that are not necessarily in a phrase. For example if interested in the relationship between Iraq and America and the 911, you could enter “Iraq, America, 911”, and the search engine will give the search results that only contain the three terms entered.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· Search for any of these words gives search for all several words.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">· The data Search allows you to put certain dates and articles that contain that specific date will come out.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Quick Search** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This search option allows to type specific content type in, and search results will display the content as the main content type. An example of this is if searching for an map of Japan, you search in “Map: Japan” or “Map of Japan” into the search box, this will give search results only for Maps of Japan.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Boolean Search** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An example of this is when you want history of Turkey knowing that Turkey wasn’t always an independent country, you are able to do a Boolean Search using keywords such as Turkey OR Asia AND Minor. Such words as or, and, not has to be capitalized as these are command terms. Then you can specify what type of article or media that you would like to use by selecting article part at the bottom of the keyword box. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

=__<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Work Cited __= <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Barlow, Linda. "A Helpful Guide to Web Search Engines -- How Search Engines Work (page 4)." __Monash Research__. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2010. <[]>

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Discovery Education. "DE Help - Search Tools." __Discovery Education Help__. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Sept. 2010. <[]>

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">EBSCO. "Single vs. Plural Searching." __EBSCOhost__. 19 Sept. 2010. <[] >

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">﻿Google. "Corporate Information - Technology Overview." __Google__. Google, n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2010. [|<http://www.google.com/corporate/tech.html]>

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">JSTOR. "Help." __JSTOR Web__. 21 Sept. 2010. <[]> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">World Book. "Help-World Book Advanced." __Globe Device__. N.p.,n.d. Web. 20 Sept. 2010 <http://www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/help?id=main#searchoptions>